IOMMU(Input-Output Memory Management Unit)
A CPU feature that maps device memory safely, enabling PCI passthrough to virtual machines.
Known as Intel VT-d or AMD-Vi, IOMMU must be enabled in the BIOS/UEFI. Devices are grouped into IOMMU groups; clean groups make passthrough far easier.
Related articles
PCI Passthrough
Giving a virtual machine direct, exclusive access to a physical PCIe device such as a GPU or HBA.
Hypervisor
Software that creates and manages virtual machines by allocating physical resources between them.
KVM(Kernel-based Virtual Machine)
The Linux virtualization technology that runs full virtual machines with near-native performance.